System Operating Principle
System Operating Principle
Principle
Principle
On-site System Data Collection Equipment
On-site System Data Collection Equipment
1. Wireless Dual-Function Sensor
1. Wireless Dual-Function Sensor
The signal transmitter uses the Hall effect principle (where an electrical signal changes when a magnetic object approaches a Hall element) to monitor the operational cycle of the pumping unit in real-time and sends the cycle signal of the pumping unit to the wireless dual-function sensor via wireless transmission (315MHz).
The signal transmitter uses the Hall effect principle (where an electrical signal changes when a magnetic object approaches a Hall element) to monitor the operational cycle of the pumping unit in real-time and sends the cycle signal of the pumping unit to the wireless dual-function sensor via wireless transmission (315MHz).
Function
Function
Collects load data within 0-10 minutes every hour (displacement data is written and stored internally via the displacement calibration machine); plots oil well dynamometer charts; monitors real-time status of the pumping unit's operation; stores the latest 33 hours of dynamometer chart data.
Collects load data within 0-10 minutes every hour (displacement data is written and stored internally via the displacement calibration machine); plots oil well dynamometer charts; monitors real-time status of the pumping unit's operation; stores the latest 33 hours of dynamometer chart data.
The Oil Well Dynamometer Chart Monitoring, Diagnostic and Metering System collects data such as dynamometer charts and well on/off status via data acquisition devices, which then transmit the data to a Data Relay Station (DRS). The DRS sends this data to a server through wired or wireless networks where it is computed, processed, and then published online for viewing.
The Oil Well Dynamometer Chart Monitoring, Diagnostic and Metering System collects data such as dynamometer charts and well on/off status via data acquisition devices, which then transmit the data to a Data Relay Station (DRS). The DRS sends this data to a server through wired or wireless networks where it is computed, processed, and then published online for viewing.
The sensor includes a real-time clock module, a storage module, a data collection module, and a wireless module. The real-time clock module provides the current date and time, the storage module stores calibration parameters and dynamometer chart data; the data collection module gathers displacement and load data; the wireless module transmits data wirelessly (315MHz/433MHz).
The sensor includes a real-time clock module, a storage module, a data collection module, and a wireless module. The real-time clock module provides the current date and time, the storage module stores calibration parameters and dynamometer chart data; the data collection module gathers displacement and load data; the wireless module transmits data wirelessly (315MHz/433MHz).
Technical Specifications for the Wireless Dual-Function Sensor
Technical Specifications for the Wireless Dual-Function Sensor
Parameter Name
Parameter Name
Power Supply Voltage
Power Supply Voltage
Operating Current
Operating Current
Wireless Module Carrier Frequency
Wireless Module Carrier Frequency
Test Frequency
Test Frequency
HMI
HMI
Wireless Transmission Distance (meters)
Wireless Transmission Distance (meters)
PLC
PLC
Parameter Value
Parameter Value
Parameter Name
Parameter Name
Parameter Value
Parameter Value
7.2V 19Ah Battery
7.2V 19Ah Battery
＜ 40 mA
＜ 40 mA
433MHz
433MHz
24 times/day
24 times/day
≤ 500
≤ 500
Clock Error
Clock Error
Stroke Range
Stroke Range
Stroke Range
Stroke Range
Load Range
Load Range
Time to Detect Well On/Off Status
Time to Detect Well On/Off Status
≤ 1 minute/year
≤ 1 minute/year
0.2 to 15 strokes/minute
0.2 to 15 strokes/minute
＜ 10m 1% F·S
＜ 10m 1% F·S
≤ 150KN 1% F·S
≤ 150KN 1% F·S
Principle
Principle
≤ 4 minutes
≤ 4 minutes
Special Notes
Special Notes
1. Well On/Off Detection Principle
1. Well On/Off Detection Principle
Function
Function
Parameter Name
Parameter Name
During a single operational cycle of the pumping unit, load data at eight time points are collected on average. If the variation in load data among these eight points is less than 1 kN, it is determined that the well is off, and the wireless dual-function sensor immediately sends this off status to the Data Relay Station (DRS); otherwise, the well is considered to be operating normally.
During a single operational cycle of the pumping unit, load data at eight time points are collected on average. If the variation in load data among these eight points is less than 1 kN, it is determined that the well is off, and the wireless dual-function sensor immediately sends this off status to the Data Relay Station (DRS); otherwise, the well is considered to be operating normally.
The signal transmitter sends a start and end signal to the wireless dual-function sensor each cycle, used to determine the starting point position.
The signal transmitter sends a start and end signal to the wireless dual-function sensor each cycle, used to determine the starting point position.
2. Channel and Number Setting Instructions
2. Channel and Number Setting Instructions
The channel number determines which Data Relay Station (DRS) the dynamometer chart data collected by the wireless dual-function sensor is transmitted to; the number specifies which position in the set transmission time on the channel the wireless dual-function sensor begins to transmit the collected data.
The channel number determines which Data Relay Station (DRS) the dynamometer chart data collected by the wireless dual-function sensor is transmitted to; the number specifies which position in the set transmission time on the channel the wireless dual-function sensor begins to transmit the collected data.
Signal Transmitter Technical Specifications
Signal Transmitter Technical Specifications
2. Signal Transmitter
2. Signal Transmitter
Power Supply Voltage
Power Supply Voltage
Operating Current
Operating Current
Battery Life (Years)
Battery Life (Years)
Wireless Module Carrier Frequency
Wireless Module Carrier Frequency
Wireless Transmission Distance (d)
Wireless Transmission Distance (d)
Wireless Module Transmission Power
Wireless Module Transmission Power
Operating Temperature
Operating Temperature
Humidity
Humidity
Parameter Value
Parameter Value
7.2V 19Ah Battery
7.2V 19Ah Battery
＜ 1mA
＜ 1mA
3
3
315 MHz
315 MHz
Principle
Principle
6 meters ≤ d ≤ 30 meters
6 meters ≤ d ≤ 30 meters
The Data Relay Station (DRS) includes a data storage module, a wireless module, and a data transmission module (DTU). The data storage module stores oil well dynamometer charts and well on/off alarm information; the wireless module (433MHz) receives dynamometer chart data collected by the wireless dual-function sensor; the data transmission module (DTU) transmits data to the server via networks (GPRS, CDMA, fiber optics, etc.).
The Data Relay Station (DRS) includes a data storage module, a wireless module, and a data transmission module (DTU). The data storage module stores oil well dynamometer charts and well on/off alarm information; the wireless module (433MHz) receives dynamometer chart data collected by the wireless dual-function sensor; the data transmission module (DTU) transmits data to the server via networks (GPRS, CDMA, fiber optics, etc.).
≤ 10mW
≤ 10mW
- 45℃ ～ + 65℃
- 45℃ ～ + 65℃
Function
Function
5% ～ 95% RH
5% ～ 95% RH
The Data Relay Station (DRS) can receive and store dynamometer chart data and well on/off information from up to 12 oil wells within a 500-meter radius, and upload it to the server via wired and wireless methods.
The Data Relay Station (DRS) can receive and store dynamometer chart data and well on/off information from up to 12 oil wells within a 500-meter radius, and upload it to the server via wired and wireless methods.
Parameter Name
Parameter Name
3. Data Relay Station (DRS)
3. Data Relay Station (DRS)
Data Relay Station (DRS) Technical Specifications
Data Relay Station (DRS) Technical Specifications
Power Supply Voltage
Power Supply Voltage
Dynamometer Chart Data Storage Capacity
Dynamometer Chart Data Storage Capacity
Well On/Off Alarm Storage Capacity
Well On/Off Alarm Storage Capacity
Battery Supply Duration
Battery Supply Duration
Operating Temperature
Operating Temperature
Parameter Value
Parameter Value
Parameter Name
Parameter Name
Parameter Value
Parameter Value
220 ～1140 VAC
220 ～1140 VAC
2000 strips
2000 strips
180 strips
180 strips
10 minutes
10 minutes
4. Data Calibration Equipment
4. Data Calibration Equipment
- 45℃ ～ + 65℃
- 45℃ ～ + 65℃
Communication Mode with Server
Communication Mode with Server
Data Relay Station (DRS) Technical Specifications
Data Relay Station (DRS) Technical Specifications
Wireless Module Center Frequency
Wireless Module Center Frequency
Wireless Module Power
Wireless Module Power
1. Monitor the operational status of the wireless dual-function sensor and RTU, and conduct field testing of dynamometer charts;
2. Check the communication status between the wireless dual-function sensor and the Remote Data Processing Unit (RTU);
3. Retrieve dynamometer chart data stored in the wireless dual-function sensor or RTU;
4. Set parameters such as channel and well name for the wireless dual-function sensor, and perform on-site calibration of stroke displacement for the sensor.
1. Monitor the operational status of the wireless dual-function sensor and RTU, and conduct field testing of dynamometer charts;
2. Check the communication status between the wireless dual-function sensor and the Remote Data Processing Unit (RTU);
3. Retrieve dynamometer chart data stored in the wireless dual-function sensor or RTU;
4. Set parameters such as channel and well name for the wireless dual-function sensor, and perform on-site calibration of stroke displacement for the sensor.
Clock Error
Clock Error
Transmission Distance (meters)
Transmission Distance (meters)
Wired or Wireless
Wired or Wireless
433MHz
433MHz
10 mW
10 mW
1 minute/year
1 minute/year
500
500
System Functionality Overview
System Functionality Overview
System Functionality
System Functionality
Real-time Operational Analysis
Real-time Operational Analysis
Liquid Volume Automatic Measurement
Liquid Volume Automatic Measurement
Automatic Anomaly Alarms
Automatic Anomaly Alarms
Dynamometer Chart Query
Dynamometer Chart Query
Operational Diagnostics
Operational Diagnostics
Liquid Production Query
Liquid Production Query
Individual Well Conditions
Individual Well Conditions
Detailed Query of Alarm Data
Detailed Query of Alarm Data
Summary of Alarm Data
Summary of Alarm Data
Enables continuous tracking of well conditions, intuitive and straightforward.
Enables continuous tracking of well conditions, intuitive and straightforward.
Increased predictive warning rate for well reversals to 90%, and enhanced accuracy in liquid volume measurement.
Increased predictive warning rate for well reversals to 90%, and enhanced accuracy in liquid volume measurement.
Uses dynamometer chart area for alarms, increasing well reversal warning rate to 90%.
Uses dynamometer chart area for alarms, increasing well reversal warning rate to 90%.
Liquid Production Measurement
Liquid Production Measurement
Liquid Production Measurement
Liquid Production Measurement
Area Method
Area Method
Uses the actual area of the dynamometer chart relative to the area of a full (ideal) dynamometer chart to calculate oil well liquid production. (Due to inaccuracies in drawing the ideal dynamometer chart, the area method has a certain margin of error)
Uses the actual area of the dynamometer chart relative to the area of a full (ideal) dynamometer chart to calculate oil well liquid production. (Due to inaccuracies in drawing the ideal dynamometer chart, the area method has a certain margin of error)
Effective Stroke Method
Effective Stroke Method
Calculates oil well output by considering the straight-line segment of the downstroke on the chart as the effective stroke.
Calculates oil well output by considering the straight-line segment of the downstroke on the chart as the effective stroke.
Routine Maintenance of Data Acquisition Equipment
Routine Maintenance of Data Acquisition Equipment
Precautions During Operations
Precautions During Operations
1，Before operations, check that the instruments are complete and intact. Remove the wireless dual-function sensor and store it at a designated location, and hand over the pumping unit’s auxiliary detection equipment (including the signal transmitter, antenna, and magnet) to the operations team, ensuring to record the handover.
2，After the pumping unit has completed its operation and is working normally, install the wireless dual-function sensor slowly to avoid damaging the equipment.
3，The device side of the wireless dual-function sensor has an upward arrow indicator; install according to the direction of the arrow;
1，Before operations, check that the instruments are complete and intact. Remove the wireless dual-function sensor and store it at a designated location, and hand over the pumping unit’s auxiliary detection equipment (including the signal transmitter, antenna, and magnet) to the operations team, ensuring to record the handover.
2，After the pumping unit has completed its operation and is working normally, install the wireless dual-function sensor slowly to avoid damaging the equipment.
3，The device side of the wireless dual-function sensor has an upward arrow indicator; install according to the direction of the arrow;
Calibration of On-Site Equipment
Calibration of On-Site Equipment
1，After adjusting the stroke of the pumping unit, the instrument fails to produce a correct dynamometer chart. It must be recalibrated on-site with a calibrator for stroke displacement.
2，The on-site data collection equipment automatically measures the cycle at 8, 12, 16, and 20 o'clock, correcting the pumping unit's strokes. If the instrument temporarily fails to produce a correct dynamometer chart after adjusting the strokes, it will return to normal after the automatic correction at 8, 12, 16, and 20 o'clock; following stroke adjustments, use an on-site calibrator to manually calibrate the dynamometer chart at the next full hour to produce a correct chart.
1，After adjusting the stroke of the pumping unit, the instrument fails to produce a correct dynamometer chart. It must be recalibrated on-site with a calibrator for stroke displacement.
2，The on-site data collection equipment automatically measures the cycle at 8, 12, 16, and 20 o'clock, correcting the pumping unit's strokes. If the instrument temporarily fails to produce a correct dynamometer chart after adjusting the strokes, it will return to normal after the automatic correction at 8, 12, 16, and 20 o'clock; following stroke adjustments, use an on-site calibrator to manually calibrate the dynamometer chart at the next full hour to produce a correct chart.
Timely Maintenance and Updating of Individual Well Data
Timely Maintenance and Updating of Individual Well Data
After operations or other measures on an individual well, promptly update basic well data such as pump diameter and water content to ensure the accuracy of liquid production measurement.
After operations or other measures on an individual well, promptly update basic well data such as pump diameter and water content to ensure the accuracy of liquid production measurement.
Data Relay
Station (DRS)
Data Relay
Station (DRS)
Wireless Dual
-Function Sensor
Wireless Dual
-Function Sensor
Signal
Transmitter
Signal
Transmitter